What Are the 3 Types of Dental Implants? Comparing Endosteal, Subperiosteal, and Zygomatic Implants
- Science of Smiles
- 18 hours ago
- 10 min read
If you are researching dental implants, one of the first questions you may ask is: what are the 3 types of dental implants? The three main types are endosteal implants, subperiosteal implants, and zygomatic implants. While all three are designed to replace missing teeth with a more stable, functional solution than traditional removable options, they differ in how they are placed, who they are best suited for, and how complex the treatment may be.
Understanding the 3 types of dental implants can help you have a more informed conversation with your dentist or oral surgery team. Most patients are candidates for endosteal implants, while subperiosteal and zygomatic implants are typically considered in more specific cases involving bone loss, anatomy, or treatment limitations.
This guide breaks down each option, compares the benefits and considerations, and explains how to know which implant type may be right for your smile.
What Are Dental Implants?
Dental implants are artificial tooth roots that are placed in or near the jaw to support a replacement tooth, bridge, or denture. Once restored, an implant can help replace the visible portion of a missing tooth while also providing support beneath the gumline.
A complete dental implant restoration may include:
Unlike traditional removable dentures, many implant-supported restorations are designed to feel more secure when speaking, chewing, and smiling. They can also help preserve facial support and bite function when properly planned and maintained.
What Are the 3 Types of Dental Implants?
The 3 types of dental implants are:
Endosteal implants
Subperiosteal implants
Zygomatic implants
Each type is named based on where the implant is placed and how it gains support. Endosteal implants are placed directly into the jawbone. Subperiosteal implants sit on top of the jawbone but underneath the gum tissue. Zygomatic implants are anchored into the cheekbone rather than the upper jawbone.
For most patients, endosteal implants are the most common and widely used option. Subperiosteal and zygomatic implants are usually reserved for patients with specific anatomical challenges, especially when there is not enough healthy jawbone to support traditional implants.
1. Endosteal Implants: The Most Common Type of Dental Implant
Endosteal implants are the most frequently used type of dental implant. They are placed directly into the jawbone and are often shaped like small screws, cylinders, or posts. After placement, the implant gradually integrates with the surrounding bone through a process called osseointegration.
Once the implant is stable, it can support a dental crown, bridge, or implant-supported denture. Endosteal implants are commonly used for patients missing one tooth, several teeth, or even a full arch of teeth when adequate bone is available.
Who May Be a Good Candidate for Endosteal Implants?
Endosteal implants may be recommended for patients who:
Have one or more missing teeth
Have enough healthy jawbone to support the implant
Have healthy gums or controlled periodontal disease
Want a stable, long-term tooth replacement option
Are able to maintain good oral hygiene
Are healthy enough for a minor oral surgery procedure
If a patient does not have enough jawbone, bone grafting may sometimes be recommended before implant placement. This can help create a stronger foundation for the implant.
Benefits of Endosteal Implants
Endosteal implants are popular because they are versatile, predictable, and suitable for many types of tooth loss. They can often be used to replace a single tooth without altering neighboring teeth, or they can support larger restorations for multiple missing teeth.
Key benefits may include:
Strong support from the jawbone
Natural-looking restorations
Improved chewing stability
Long-term durability with proper care
Ability to support crowns, bridges, or dentures
Helps maintain jawbone stimulation after tooth loss
Considerations for Endosteal Implants
Although endosteal implants are the most common option, they are not ideal for every patient. They require sufficient bone volume and healthy surrounding tissue. Patients with severe bone loss may need grafting, sinus lift procedures, or alternative implant options.
Endosteal implants also require a healing period before the final restoration is placed. The timeline varies depending on the patient, the number of implants, whether bone grafting is needed, and how quickly the implant integrates with the bone.
2. Subperiosteal Implants: An Option for Patients With Limited Jawbone
Subperiosteal implants are placed under the gum tissue but on top of the jawbone rather than inside it. Instead of a screw-like post placed into the bone, this type uses a custom metal framework that rests on the bone, with small posts extending through the gums to support the restoration.
Subperiosteal implants were historically used for patients who did not have enough jawbone for endosteal implants and who were not candidates for bone grafting. Today, they are much less common because modern bone grafting, advanced imaging, and implant planning have made endosteal implants possible for many more patients.
Who May Be a Good Candidate for Subperiosteal Implants?
Subperiosteal implants may be considered for patients who:
Have insufficient jawbone for traditional endosteal implants
Are not good candidates for bone grafting
Want to avoid certain bone augmentation procedures
Have anatomy that makes standard implant placement difficult
Need a customized implant solution
Because this option is less commonly used today, a thorough consultation is needed to determine whether it is appropriate. In many cases, modern alternatives may offer better long-term predictability.
Benefits of Subperiosteal Implants
For the right patient, subperiosteal implants may provide a tooth replacement option when placing implants into the jawbone is not possible. Since they rest on top of the bone, they may reduce or eliminate the need for certain grafting procedures.
Potential benefits may include:
May be an option for patients with limited bone
Can help support replacement teeth without traditional implant placement
May avoid certain bone augmentation procedures
Custom-designed for the patient’s anatomy
Considerations for Subperiosteal Implants
Subperiosteal implants are more specialized and less commonly used than endosteal implants. Because they depend on a custom framework and soft tissue support, they may not be the first choice when a bone-supported implant is possible.
Patients considering this option should ask about long-term stability, maintenance needs, surgical complexity, and whether other approaches may provide a better outcome.
3. Zygomatic Implants: A Specialized Option for Severe Upper Jaw Bone Loss
Zygomatic implants are the most complex of the three main implant types. Instead of being anchored in the upper jawbone, they are anchored into the zygomatic bone, also known as the cheekbone. This bone is denser and may provide support when the upper jawbone does not have enough volume for traditional implants.
Zygomatic implants are typically used for patients with severe bone loss in the upper jaw. They may be considered when conventional endosteal implants are not possible without extensive grafting.
Who May Be a Good Candidate for Zygomatic Implants?
Zygomatic implants may be recommended for patients who:
Have severe bone loss in the upper jaw
Have been told they are not candidates for traditional upper implants
Want to avoid extensive bone grafting when appropriate
Need full-arch upper tooth replacement
Have complex dental or anatomical needs
This is a highly specialized treatment that requires advanced imaging, careful planning, and an experienced surgical team. It is not typically used for simple single-tooth replacement.
Benefits of Zygomatic Implants
Zygomatic implants can be life-changing for patients who have been told they do not have enough bone for traditional implants. By anchoring into the cheekbone, they can create a stable foundation for upper arch restorations in complex cases.
Potential benefits may include:
Useful for severe upper jaw bone loss
May reduce the need for extensive bone grafting
Can support full-arch restorations
Provides an option for patients with complex implant needs
Anchors into dense cheekbone structure
Considerations for Zygomatic Implants
Zygomatic implants are more complex than endosteal or subperiosteal implants. Treatment planning may involve 3D imaging, surgical guides, and a detailed evaluation of the patient’s sinus anatomy, facial structure, bite, and oral health.
Because they are typically used in advanced cases, cost, recovery, and treatment complexity may be higher than with standard implant options. Patients should also understand that not every dental office offers this type of implant treatment.
Comparing the 3 Types of Dental Implants
The best dental implant option depends on your oral health, bone structure, treatment goals, and the number of teeth being replaced. The table below provides a general comparison of the three main implant types.
Type of Dental Implant | Where It Is Placed | Best For | Main Benefits | Key Considerations |
Endosteal implants | Directly into the jawbone | Most patients with enough healthy bone | Strong, versatile, widely used, natural-feeling support | May require bone grafting if bone volume is insufficient |
Subperiosteal implants | On top of the jawbone, under the gums | Select patients with limited jawbone who may not be candidates for grafting | Customized option when traditional implants are difficult | Less common today; may not be the first choice when endosteal implants are possible |
Zygomatic implants | Anchored into the cheekbone | Severe upper jaw bone loss or complex full-arch cases | Can help patients with major bone loss avoid extensive grafting in some cases | More complex procedure; generally used for advanced cases |
Which Type of Dental Implant Is Most Common?
Endosteal implants are the most common type of dental implant. They are widely used because they are placed directly into the jawbone and can support many types of restorations, including single crowns, bridges, and implant-supported dentures.
For many patients, the decision is not between all three implant types equally. Instead, the process usually begins by determining whether endosteal implants are possible. If there is not enough bone or if the anatomy is more complex, your dental team may then discuss bone grafting, alternative placement techniques, or specialized options such as zygomatic implants.
Which Type of Dental Implant Is Best?
There is no single “best” dental implant for every patient. The best option is the one that fits your anatomy, health, goals, and long-term function.
In general:
Endosteal implants are often best for patients with adequate jawbone and standard implant needs.
Subperiosteal implants may be considered for select patients with limited bone who are not good candidates for grafting.
Zygomatic implants may be best for patients with severe upper jaw bone loss who need a more advanced solution.
A complete dental implant evaluation may include digital scans, X-rays or 3D imaging, gum health assessment, bite analysis, medical history review, and a discussion of your cosmetic goals.
Cost Comparison: What Affects the Cost of Each Implant Type?
The cost of dental implants can vary widely depending on the complexity of treatment. Instead of focusing only on the implant itself, it is helpful to understand the full treatment plan. The total cost may include diagnostics, surgery, temporary restorations, final crowns or dentures, sedation, bone grafting, and follow-up care.
General Cost Factors to Consider
Dental implant cost may be influenced by:
The number of missing teeth
The number of implants needed
The type of implant used
Whether bone grafting or sinus lift procedures are required
The type of final restoration
The materials used for the crown, bridge, or denture
The complexity of the case
The technology used for planning and placement
The experience and training of the provider
How the 3 Types Compare in Cost
Endosteal implants are often the most straightforward option when adequate bone is present. If grafting is needed, the overall cost may increase because the treatment becomes more involved.
Subperiosteal implants may require custom design and specialized planning, which can affect cost. However, they may be considered when certain grafting procedures are not ideal.
Zygomatic implants are generally more complex and may involve more advanced surgical planning. Because they are often used for severe upper jaw bone loss or full-arch reconstruction, they may represent a larger investment than a single standard implant.
The most accurate way to understand cost is to schedule a consultation and receive a personalized treatment plan based on your specific needs.
How to Know Which Dental Implant Type Is Right for You
Choosing the right type of dental implant starts with a detailed dental evaluation. Your provider will look at your jawbone, gums, bite, medical history, and smile goals before recommending a treatment plan.
You may be a good candidate for dental implants if you:
Are missing one or more teeth
Have healthy gums or are willing to treat gum disease first
Have enough bone or are open to bone-building procedures
Do not smoke or are willing to stop during healing
Want a stable, long-term tooth replacement option
Are committed to brushing, flossing, and regular dental visits
You may need additional planning if you have uncontrolled diabetes, active gum disease, heavy smoking habits, severe bone loss, or certain medical conditions that affect healing. These factors do not always rule out dental implants, but they should be carefully reviewed before treatment begins.
Dental Implants at Science of Smiles in Pasadena
At Science of Smiles in Pasadena, we offer dental implants for patients who want to restore missing teeth with strength, function, and natural-looking aesthetics. Our team uses advanced dental technology to evaluate your smile, plan treatment with precision, and create implant restorations designed to blend comfortably with your natural teeth.
We also take a biomimetic approach to dentistry, which means we focus on preserving healthy tooth structure, supporting natural function, and creating restorations that work in harmony with your smile. Whether you are missing one tooth or exploring a more comprehensive implant solution, our goal is to recommend treatment that supports long-term oral health, comfort, and confidence.
Contact Science of Smiles to Schedule a Consultation for Dental Implants
Understanding what are the 3 types of dental implants is an important first step, but the right choice depends on your individual smile. Endosteal, subperiosteal, and zygomatic implants each serve different needs, and a professional consultation can help determine which option is most appropriate for your oral health, bone structure, and goals.
If you are interested in learning more about dental implants in Pasadena, contact Science of Smiles today. Call us at (626) 795-0221 or book an appointment directly online to schedule your consultation and take the next step toward a healthier, more confident smile.
FAQs
Which dental implant type is best?
The best dental implant type depends on your bone structure, gum health, number of missing teeth, and overall treatment goals. For many patients, endosteal implants are the preferred option, while subperiosteal or zygomatic implants may be considered for more complex cases.
How do I know which type of dental implant I need?
The only way to know which implant type is right for you is to schedule a dental implant consultation. Your dentist may use exams, digital imaging, X-rays, or 3D scans to evaluate your bone structure and recommend the most appropriate treatment option.
Are dental implants permanent?
Dental implants are designed to be a long-term tooth replacement solution, but they still require proper care and maintenance. With good oral hygiene, regular dental visits, and healthy habits, implants can provide lasting support for crowns, bridges, or dentures.
Where can I get dental implants in Pasadena?
Science of Smiles in Pasadena offers dental implant treatment for patients who want to restore missing teeth with a natural-looking, functional solution. To learn more, call (626) 795-0221 or book an appointment online.
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